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Process Theory
Process Theory All naturally occurring water contains dissolved
mineral salts. While in solution, these salts separate into
positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.
Through the process of ion exchange, demineralization can
significantly reduce the levels of these ions. Thus, by virtue
the total dissolved solids (TDS) will also be dramatically
lowered.
The process begins when raw water is passed through cation
exchange resin. The cation resin is in the hydrogen form (H+)
and exchanges all the positively charged ions for hydrogen,
thus converting all the impurities in the water into acids.
The acidic effluent water from the cation exchange is then
passed through anion exchange resin. The anion resin is in
the hydroxyl form (OH-) and exchanges all the negatively charged
ions into the hydroxyl form, completing the conversion of
all impurities into water (H+ + OH- --> H2O), thus providing
pure demineralized water.
Dual bed demineralizers use separate tanks; one containing
cation resin, the other containing anion resin. A weak base
dual-bed demineralizer produces water with a resistance of
approximately 50 kOHM/cm. A strong base dual-bed demineralizer
produces water with a resistance of about 200 kOHM/cm.
Mixed bed demineralizers utilize a single vessel, to thoroughly
mix both the cation and anion resins. The mixed resin configuration
produces a much higher water quality than a conventional dual-bed
system. In fact, our standard mixed-bed demineralizers produce
water with greater than 10 megOHM/cm resistance, which is
equivalent to <0.05 mg/L of sodium chloride.
Demineralizer System Design
Our standard demineralizers are pre-engineered and pre-assembled
(skid mounted), to minimize expensive installation and start-up
costs. Simple utility connections are generally all that is
required to make your system functional. WWT's team of design
engineer's and automation specialists will work with you,
to carefully select the right configuration for your needs.
Let us show you why "WWT is the most trusted name in water
treatment"
Standard Features
- High quality, non-code, vinyl ester lined steel or FRP
pressure vessels
- High quality ion exchange resins
- Fully supported, Schedule 80 PVC manifold plumbing
- High quality, PVC valves (signal actuated or diaphragm
type)
- Easy to use PLC controls
- State-of-the-art analytical and monitoring devices
- Direct read-out flow meters
- Sampling Ports
- Skid mounted (pre-plumbed, pre-wired & tested)
- Regenerant draw-tube assemblies (for use with customer
supplied containers)
Optional Features
- ASME code pressure vessels
- Rubber linings (all wetted components)
- Custom Allen-Bradley® PLC's and user interfaces
- Batch controls
- Remote monitoring and custom SCADA systems
- Regenerant pump and forwarding stations
- Caustic drum heaters
- Recirculation pumps (for polishing effluent to desired
quality)
- Valve position indicators
- Custom logbooks and analysis tools
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